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Sir Chris Wormald has been named as the new cabinet secretary and head of the civil service.
The 56-year-old will replace Simon Case on 16 December after he announced in September he would stand down as cabinet secretary at the end of the year for health reasons but would remain in place while his successor was chosen.
Sir Chris is currently permanent secretary at the Department of Health and Social Care, advising the health secretary on policy and managing the budget since 2016 - all through the COVID pandemic.
Sir Keir Starmer, who gave final approval for Sir Chris, said he "brings a wealth of experience to this role at a critical moment in the work of change this new government has begun".
The prime minister said his "mission-led government" will change the way government serves the country, which "will require nothing less than the complete re-wiring of the British state to deliver bold and ambitious long-term reform".
"Delivering this scale of change will require exceptional civil service leadership," he said.
"There could be no one better placed to drive forward our plan for change than Chris, and I look forward to working with him as we fulfil the mandate of this new government, improving the lives of working people and strengthening our country with a decade of national renewal."
What does a cabinet secretary do?
They are the most senior civil service adviser to the prime minister and his cabinet.
Their role is to support and advise on the running of cabinet and cabinet committees, helping prepare agendas and supporting the government in reaching a collective agreement on policies.
They are often one of the PM's senior advisers on how government works, and on major policy decisions.
How the PM and his cabinet secretary work together makes a big difference to the cabinet secretary's influence.
They are also in charge of ensuring the civil service acts to deliver key manifesto commitments and policies, brokering decisions between ministers and departments and making sure they are followed through.
Not all cabinet secretaries are head of the civil service, but the last few have been.
This involves them managing civil servants, convening meetings of the departmental permanent secretaries, leading reform and improvement of the civil service and representing the civil service in parliament and in the media.
Most cabinet secretaries are appointed by the prime minister of the day, sometimes on the recommendation of the outgoing cabinet secretary.
After Mark Sedwill stood down in 2020 there was a formal competitive process to replace him, however Simon Case reportedly did not apply and was asked to take on the job by Boris Johnson.
Candidates to replace Mr Case were asked for a CV and a cover letter before being interviewed by a panel of former cabinet secretaries, permanent secretaries, head of the Ministry of Defence and the civil service commissioner.
Sir Keir then had the final say to appoint the role, which was advertised with a salary of about £200,000.
Sir Chris said he was "delighted" to be appointed to the "privileged role of leading our talented civil service".
"The government has set a clear mandate - an ambitious agenda with working people at its heart. That will require each and every one of us to embrace the change agenda in how the British state operates," he added.
"So I look forward to working with leaders across government, to ensure that the civil service has the skills they need to deliver across the breadth of the country."
Professor Sir Chris Whitty, chief medical officer, will head up the Department for Health while a new permanent secretary is appointed.
Sir Chris Wormald beat other senior current and former civil servants to the job, which was advertised with a £200,000 salary.
The other contenders were: Sir Olly Robbins, a former director-general of the civil service who was involved in Brexit talks, Dame Antonia Romeo, permanent secretary at the Ministry of Justice, and Tamara Finkelstein, permanent secretary at the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs.
Some within Whitehall believe Sir Chris was a "safe choice" compared with the other options.
He steps into the shoes of Mr Case, 45, who was appointed in September 2020 and served four different prime ministers.
In an email to the civil service announcing his resignation in September, Mr Case said: "As many of you know, I have been undergoing medical treatment for a neurological condition over the last 18 months and, whilst the spirit remains willing, the body is not.
"It is a shame that I feel I have to spell this out, but my decision is solely to do with my health and nothing to do with anything else."
Mr Case announced his resignation following a difficult few weeks for Downing Street during which damaging leaks and internal rows took over the narrative, with Sir Keir growing increasingly frustrated.
The top civil servant was said to have had a tense relationship with Sue Gray, Sir Keir's former chief of staff who stepped down in October following accusations from some Labour figures about the party's handling of ministers taking freebies.
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